Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection and the Nature of Associated Sinus Venosus Defect

Background: Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) is frequently associated with atrial septal defect (ASD), especially sinus venosus (SVD). Although Waggstaffe described the pathology of SVDs in 1868, exact anatomic features and nature SVD remains controversial. no posterior rim were observed recent years. However, studies suggested that absence residual tissue might be key feature SVD. The aims this study to investigate if septum played a crucial role patients Methods: From January 2011 December 2019, 256 children PAPVC combined ASD 878 isolated who underwent corrective cardiac surgery consecutively enrolled. Comprehensive review preoperative transthoracic echocardiography, computed-tomography images surgical findings performed by experienced pediatric cardiologists. subtypes PAPVC, locations types ASD, presence investigated. Results: was right-sided 244 children, left-sided 6 bilateral children. In cases, without existed 226 cases. only cases one or more right veins returning atrium (RA) RA-superior vena cava junction. there 3 SVD, other 875 secundum ASD. Conclusions: rims RA (SVC) For interatrial rim, rather than adjacent SVC inferior cava.